The purpose of this review was to identify and synthesise the existing evidence on effectiveness of interventions targeting people who inject drugs at two stages of the care cascade: linkage to care and adherence to treatment of HIV, hepatitis B/C and TB.
This report documents the process and outcome of the assessment and translation of the evidence into guidance recommendations on linkage to care and/or adherence to treatment for HCV, HIV and TB for the ECDC technical report, ‘A systematic literature review of interventions to increase linkage to care and adherence to treatment for hepatitis B and C, HIV and tuberculosis among people who inject drugs’.
For 2019, 24 EU/EEA countries reported 1 049 confirmed cases of leptospirosis, the highest number in the period from 2015–2019, possibly because of environmental conditions favourable to hosts, and/or increase of activities at risk for infection.