In this report, we present an update of the 2020 primary systematic review, to take into account more recent evidence on the efficacy, effectiveness and safety of newer and/or enhanced seasonal influenza vaccines for the prevention of laboratory-confirmed influenza in individuals aged 18 years and over.
Injected trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines are most commonly used throughout the world. Influenza antigen preparation varies between manufacturers.
Risks of an adverse event following influenza vaccination are far less common than complications related to influenza itself, and the adverse events are generally localised and mild.
This is a summary of the fourth joint inter-agency report on integrated analysis of antimicrobial consumption and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from humans and food-producing animals in the European Union (JIACRA IV – 2019–2021).
This report provides an integrated analysis of relationships between antimicrobial consumption in humans and food- producing animals and the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from humans and food- producing animals, respectively.
This course focuses on antimicrobial stewardship as an approach to address healthcare-associated infections (HAI) resulting from multi-drug resistance organisms in acute care settings.