Rubella is a mild febrile rash illness caused by rubella virus. It is transmitted from person to person via droplets (the virus is present in throat secretions). It affects mainly, but not only, children and when pregnant women are infected, it may result in malformation of the foetus. Humans are the only reservoir of infection.
Despite good access to effective antibiotics, Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococci) is still a major cause of disease and death in both developing and developed countries. Pneumococci are the main cause of bacterial respiratory tract infections, such as pneumonia, middle ear infection, and sinusitis, in all age groups.
The information contained in this fact sheet is intended for the purpose of general information and should not be used as a substitute for the individual expertise and judgement of healthcare professionals.
The mpox (monkeypox) virus is transmitted to humans through a bite or direct contact with an infected animal’s blood, body fluids or cutaneous/mucosal lesions.
Nipah virus (NiV) is an emerging zoonotic virus that can be transmitted to humans from animals (both wild and domestic). Fruit bats of the Pteropodidae family are the natural hosts of Nipah virus. NiV infection can be asymptomatic or mild (subclinical), but it also causes acute respiratory illness and fatal encephalitis.
Nipah virus (NiV) is an emerging zoonotic virus that can be transmitted to humans from animals (both wild and domestic). Fruit bats of the Pteropodidae family are the natural hosts of Nipah virus.
The information contained in this factsheet is intended for the purpose of general information and should not substitute individual expert advice and judgement of healthcare professionals.