Dengue worldwide overview
Situation update, August 2024
Since the beginning of 2024, over 12 million dengue cases and over 8000 dengue-related deaths have been reported from 86 countries/territories.
Most cases globally have been reported from the WHO PAHO region.
In mainland Europe, autochthonous cases have been reported by France (21 cases since July 2024) and Italy (1 case reported in August).
Three-month dengue virus disease case notification rate per 100 000 population, May-July 2024
Overview
Dengue
The over 11 million cases reported by PAHO in 2024 is twice the number of cases reported throughout 2023. Brazil has reported the most cases in 2024 (over 9 million) followed by Argentina, Paraguay, Peru and Colombia (source: Situation Report No 31 - Dengue Epidemiological Situation in the Region of the Americas - Epidemiological Week 31, 2024 - PAHO/WHO | Pan American Health Organization).
In Guadeloupe where a dengue epidemic was reported the second half of 2023 (started in July 2023), given the cases decreases, the current situation is classified as phase 1 with sporadic cases. The epidemic earlier this year was due to DENV-2 serotype while recently there are increases in the proportion of DENV-3 serotype. In Martinique and Saint-Martin dengue circulation continues, but at lower levels (epidemic phase 1), with only sporadic cases reported.
In French Guyana, over 8 000 confirmed dengue cases have been reported since the beginning of 2024. However, case numbers are decreasing and have stabilised at lower levels in recent weeks after a peak in January 2024 (Bimonthly Epidemiological Bulletin published on 25 July 2024 and Dengue Epidemiological Bulletin of 18 July 2024 and Bimonthly Epidemiological Bulletin published on 29 August 2024).
Overall, 1 265 dengue cases have been reported in La Réunion since the beginning of the year. Currently less than 10 cases are reported per week (moderate circulation).
Dengue circulation has also been reported in the Eastern Mediterranean, South-East Asia and Western Pacific WHO Regions according to the reports from the regional offices (EMRO, SEARO and WPRO, respectively) as well as in Africa in August 2024.
Asia
In the EMRO region, autochthonous cases were reported by Iran in June 2024 for the first time (WHO Disease Outbreak News Item published on 22 July 2024) while dengue has been reported also in Afghanistan and Pakistan.
According to the SEARO report published on 21 August 2024, increases in dengue cases were reported in Bangladesh, in Kerala and Karnataka in India, and in Nepal. In Bangladesh, overall, the total number of dengue cases in 2024 remains lower compared to what had been reported for the same period in 2023 (9 562 in 2024 as of 18 August compared to 99 953 in 2023). In Kerala, India, 13 944 cases have been reported until week 32 (ending 11 August 2024) while in Karnataka, 21 186 cases have been reported for the same period. In both areas, the dengue cases reported in 2024 so far are higher compared to the cases reported for the same period in 2023. In Nepal 2 645 cases have been reported through the EWAR system in 2024 until 11 August 2024 and although an increase has been recorded in the past weeks, the overall case numbers are lower compared to the same period last year.
According to the WPRO Dengue Situation update of 22 August 2024, increases in cases are observed in Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. In all three countries where increases are observed, the total dengue cases reported until mid-July was lower compared to the total number of cases reported in the same period in 2023.
In Africa, according to the Africa CDC Epidemic Intelligence Report of 25 August 2024, 57 015 dengue cases have been reported this year from Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Cabo Verde, Chad, Cote d Ivoire, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Mali, Mauritius, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal and Sudan.
ECDC assessment:
The Americas is currently facing the largest ever outbreak of dengue. As a result, there has been a substantial increase in the number of imported cases of dengue to the EU/EEA since the beginning of the year.
The likelihood of onward transmission of dengue and chikungunya virus in mainland EU/EEA is linked to importation of the virus by viraemic travellers into receptive areas with established and active competent vectors (e.g. Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti). Aedes albopictus is established in a large part of Europe. In Europe and neighbouring areas, Aedes aegypti is established in Cyprus, on the eastern shores of the Black Sea, and in the outermost region of Madeira.
The current likelihood of the occurrence of local transmission events of chikungunya and dengue viruses in areas where the vectors are present in mainland EU/EEA is high, as the environmental conditions are favourable for vector activity and virus replication in vectors. All past autochthonous outbreaks of CHIKVD and dengue in mainland EU/EEA have so far occurred between June and November.
N.B: The data presented in this report originates from both official public health authorities and nonofficial sources, such as news media. Data completeness depends on the availability of reports from surveillance systems and their accuracy, which varies between countries. All data should be interpreted with caution and comparisons, particularly across countries, avoided, due to underreporting, variations in surveillance system structure, varying case definitions between countries and over time, and use of syndromic definitions.
Map
Dengue virus disease case notification rate per 100 000 population, August 2023- July 2024
Since the beginning of 2024, over 12 million dengue cases and over 8000 dengue-related deaths have been reported from 86 countries/territories.
