Despite good access to effective antibiotics, Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococci) is still a major cause of disease and death in both developing and developed countries. Pneumococci are the main cause of bacterial respiratory tract infections, such as pneumonia, middle ear infection, and sinusitis, in all age groups.
Supplementary document with country case studies in relation to the ECDC operational guidance on HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in the EU/EEA and the UK: Implementation, standards and monitoring.
In 2010, ECDC published the guidance HIV testing: increasing uptake and effectiveness in the European Union. In consideration of the recent developments in this field, ECDC is considering to update the guidance in 2016.