Endemic to Japan, north-eastern China, the Republic of Korea (South Korea) and parts of Russia, a vector for Japanese encephalitis virus in parts of Russia.
Although not an important arboviral vector, can be competent vector for West Nile virus, La Crosse virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, Saint Louis encephalitis virus, and Eastern equine encephalitis virus.
Ixodes ricinus are sensitive to climatic conditions, requiring a relative humidity of 80%, they are primarily observed across Europe in deciduous woodland and mixed forest.
Congenital rubella is the infection of a foetus with rubella virus following the infection of the mother during pregnancy. ‘Congenital’ indicates that the foetus also becomes infected during pregnancy.
Varicella (chickenpox) is caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which also causes shingles. The virus spreads through the body into the skin causing rashes to appear.
Avian influenza is an infectious viral disease mainly found in birds, but under certain circumstances infections can also occur in humans even though the risk is generally very low.