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Diphtheria

Diphtheria is a disease caused by bacteria Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans. It can cause respiratory symptoms or non-respiratory forms that affect other parts of the body, including the skin.

An effective vaccine is available against diphtheria and mass immunisation has led to the reduction in the number of cases in Europe.

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Threats and outbreaks

Disease threats and outbreaks reports; Risk assessments, Communicable disease threats report.

Facts

Diphtheria is an acute disease caused by toxin-producing strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae (in some cases also by Corynebacterium ulcerans) bacteria, that is known to colonise mucous membranes.

Surveillance and disease data

Scientific advice

Systematic reviews, expert opinions and public health guidance on diphtheria

Microbiology

ECDC encourages adoption of EU and ISO quality standards for diagnostic and reference laboratory services by its partners in EU laboratory networks and in line with national arrangements and regulations.

Prevention and control

An effective vaccine is available against diphtheria and mass immunisation has led to the reduction in the number of cases in Europe.

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Vaccine-preventable diseases

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