European and Asian viruses within the tick-borne encephalitis Flavivirus complex are known to show temporal, spatial and phylogenetic relationships that imply a clinal pattern of evolution.
This paper is a really nice analysis of results provided by a national tick surveillance program conducted from 2005 and 2009 in Great Britain by HPA. This study shows that useful information on tick distribution and ecology can be obtained from passive surveillance based on punctual records from public, veterinarians, clinicians, wildlife charities and academics from across Great Britain.
In this paper, the authors present results produced by a two-year screening study on ticks from Sardinia for different tick-associated pathogens. They show that Rhipicephalus sanguineus is predominant and presents the most important diversity of pathogens, with its counterpart Rhipicephalus turanicus.
This review published by the WHO aims at answering important questions among the Known Unknowns areas which were unclear at the beginning of the 2009 pandemic
On 15-16 June, ECDC and WHO European Regional Office will jointly host the Annual Tuberculosis Surveillance Network meeting at the WHO Regional office in Copenhagen.
The objective of this study was to explore the hypothesis that an intense circulation of rhinoviruses might have reduced the probability of infection by the 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) virus at the beginning of autumn 2009.