Viral hepatitis is an infection that causes inflammation of the liver. It can be caused by different viruses, including hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Both HBV and HCV can cause acute and chronic infections and are leading causes of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
A number of European countries (including Ireland, France, the Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom) indicate an increase seen during 2022, particularly since September 2022, in the number of cases of invasive Group A Streptococcus (iGAS) disease among children less than ten years of age.
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 4 – 10 December 2022 and includes updates on COVID-19, Ebola virus, respiratory syncytial virus, streptococcal infection, diphtheria, seasonal influenza, mpox (monkeypox), hepatitis, MERS-CoV, meningitis, and mass gathering monitoring at the FIFA World Cup 2022 Qatar.
The laboratories participating in the QA21 EQA scheme for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of N. gonorrhoeae showed good levels of competency and capability in recovering and testing strains of unknown phenotype.
This issue of the CDTR covers the period 27 November – 3 December 2022 and includes updates on COVID-19, Ebola, diphtheria, respiratory syncytial virus, seasonal influenza, monkeypox, mass gathering monitoring at the FIFA World Cup 2022 Qatar, Chikungunya, dengue, Shigella sonnei, poliomyelitis, meningitis, cholera.
You may already know about PrEP - the pill one takes to reduce the risk of acquiring HIV. But did you know there is also PEP - the post-exposure prophylaxis - that is used after one may have been exposed to the HIV virus.
This report is the latest in a series published jointly by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the WHO Regional Office for Europe that has been reporting data on HIV and AIDS in the WHO European Region and in the European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA) since 2007.