Salmonellosis outbreaks

Latest outbreak

Widespread salmonella outbreak in the European Union/European Economic Area linked to sprouted seeds

(update as of 6 March 2025)

Public health and food safety authorities across Europe are investigating prolonged and widespread outbreaks of Salmonella infection linked to the consumption of sprouted alfalfa seeds. 

Between January 2023 and January 2025, 509 people were reported with salmonellosis in nine EU/EEA countries. The most affected country was Norway, with 257 cases, followed by Sweden, Finland, and Germany. The outbreak is ongoing, and cases of salmonellosis may continue to be found until the point(s) where the seeds were contaminated is identified and properly controlled. 

Investigations have confirmed that sprouted seeds are the cause of these infections. As a result of epidemiological investigations, including whole genome sequencing analysis and food tracing, seeds were linked to a single supplier in Italy which sourced its seeds from three growers in the same region. However, further investigation is needed to determine how the seeds became contaminated and whether there was any cross-contamination along the supply chain.

This outbreak has included multiple Salmonella strains, some of which are rarely seen in Europe. By sharing information from national outbreak investigations at EU-level, specifically whole genome sequencing data, it was possible to link the investigations to a single source.

Salmonella can cause serious illness, particularly in infants, older or frail adults, and individuals with weakened immune systems. Those at risk should avoid eating sprouted seeds, unless they have been cooked thoroughly.
Sprouted seed producers are urged to strictly follow food safety procedures to prevent contaminated products from reaching consumers.