Antimicrobial stewardship

GLOBAL

World Health Organization (WHO)

• The WHO AWaRe (Access, Watch, Reserve) antibiotic book (WHO, 2022)
• Antimicrobial stewardship programmes in health-care facilities in low- and middle-income countries. A WHO practical toolkit (WHO, 2019)

EUROPE

European Commission

• Commission Notice - EU Guidelines for the prudent use of antimicrobials in human health (2017/C 212/01) (European Commission, 2017)

WHO Regional Office for Europe

• Antimicrobial stewardship interventions: a practical guide (WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2021)

AGENCIES AND ORGANISATIONS

US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) / European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC)

• Report on the modified Delphi process for common structure and process indicators for hospital antimicrobial stewardship programs (Transatlantic Task Force on Antimicrobial Resistance, 2015)

US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

• Core Elements of Hospital Antibiotic Stewardship Programs (2019)
• Core Elements of Antibiotic Stewardship for Nursing Homes (2015)

Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) / Florida International University (FIU)

• Recommendations for Implementing Antimicrobial Stewardship in Latin America and the Caribbean: Manual for Public Health Decision-Makers (2018)

Antibiotic awareness days and weeks around the world

• European Antibiotic Awareness Day
• World Antibiotic Awareness Week
• U.S. Antibiotic Awareness Week
• Canada’s Antibiotic Awareness Week

PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES

American Hospital Association (AHA)

• Antimicrobial Stewardship Toolkit

European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID)

• ESCMID generic competencies in antimicrobial prescribing and stewardship: towards a European consensus (2018)

FDI World Dental Federation

• White paper: The essential role of the dental team in reducing antibiotic resistance (FDI World Dental Federation, 2020)
  In English: White paper: The essential role of the dental team in reducing antibiotic resistance (FDI World Dental Federation, 2020)
  In French: Livre blanc: Le rôle essentiel de l’équipe dentaire dans la réduction de l’antibiorésistance (FDI World Dental Federation, 2020)
  In Spanish: Libro blanco: El papel fundamental del equipo de personal dental en la reducción de la resistencia a los antibióticos (FDI World Dental Federation, 2020)
   
• Antibiotic stewardship for dental teams: A library of resources (FDI World Dental Federation and British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 2020)

Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) / Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA)

• Implementing an Antibiotic Stewardship Program: Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (2016)
• Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America Guidelines for Developing an Institutional Program to Enhance Antimicrobial Stewardship (2007)

INTERNATIONAL EXPERT GROUP

• Consensus paper: Developing core elements and checklist items for global hospital antimicrobial stewardship programmes: a consensus approach (2018)

EU/EEA COUNTRIES

France

• Strategy for antibiotic therapy and prevention of bacterial resistance in healthcare organisations (French National Authority for Health , 2008)
  In French: Stratégie d’antibiothérapie et prévention des résistances bactériennes en établissement de santé (Haute Autorité de Santé, 2008) 
  In English: Clinical practice guidelines: Antibiotic therapy and prevention of bacterial resistance in healthcare organisations (Haute Autorité de Santé, 2008)
  Clinical practice guidelines: Antibiotic therapy and prevention of bacterial resistance in healthcare organisations- Checklists for professional practice appraisal (Haute Autorité de Santé, 2008)

Germany

• Strategies to enhance rational use of antibiotics in hospitals (German Society for Infectious Diseases)
  In English: Strategies to enhance rational use of antibiotics in hospital: a guideline by the German Society for Infectious Diseases (2016)

Ireland

• Guidelines for antimicrobial stewardship in hospitals in Ireland (SARI Hospital Antimicrobial Stewardship Working Group, Health Protection Surveillance Centre, 2009)

Netherlands

• Practice guide Antimicrobial Stewardship in the Netherlands (Dutch Working Party on Antibiotic Policy, 2018)
  Praktijkgids Antimicrobial Stewardship in Nederland (Stichting Werkgroep Antibiotica Beleid, 2018)
• SWAB Guidelines for Antimicrobial Stewardship (Dutch Working Party on Antibiotic Policy, 2016)
  SWAB Guidelines for Antimicrobial Stewardship (Stichting Werkgroep Antibiotica Beleid, 2016)
   
• Current evidence on hospital antimicrobial stewardship objectives: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2016)
  Current evidence on hospital antimicrobial stewardship objectives: a systematic review and meta-analysis [AM1] 

Spain

• Programmes for optimising the use of antibiotics (PROA), incl. Norms for the certification of community and hospital PROA teams (Spanish Agency of Medicines and Medical Products, 2023) 
  Programas de Optimización de Uso de los Antibióticos (PROA), incl. Normas para la certificación de los equipos PROA comunitarios y hospitalarios (Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios, 2023)
• Programmes for optimising the use of antibiotics (PROA) in Spanish hospitals: GEIH-SEIMC, SEFH and SEMPSPH consensus document, 2012
  Programas de optimización de uso de antimicrobianos (PROA) en hospitales españoles: documento de consenso GEIH-SEIMC, SEFH y SEMPSPH, 2012 (Grupo de Estudio de la Infección Hospitalaria-Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica, GEIH-SEIMC; Sociedad Española de Farmacia Hospitalaria, SEFH; Sociedad Española de Medicina Preventiva, Salud Pública e Higiene, SEMPSPH; 2012)

COUNTRIES OUTSIDE THE EU/EEA

United Kingdom

• Antimicrobial stewardship: changing risk-related behaviours in the general population: NICE guideline ( National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2017)
• Antimicrobial stewardship: Quality standard (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2016)
• Antimicrobial stewardship: systems and processes for effective antimicrobial medicine use: NICE guideline (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2015)