Surgical site infections

Agencies

American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) with Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA)

• Prevention of Surgical Site Infections After Major Extremity Trauma (2022)

American College of Surgeons and Surgical Infection Society

• Surgical Site Infection Guidelines, 2016 Update

American Medical Association

• Surgical Site Infection Prevention: A Review, JAMA Network (2023)

American society of Anesthesiologists (ASA)

• Systematic Review of Surgical Site Infection Prevention Guideline Recommendations for Maintenance of Homeostasis in the Perioperative Period (2025)

American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases (AST ID) Community of Practice

• Surgical site infections: Guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice (2019)

Asia Pacific Society of Infection Control (APSIC)

• A handbook of Infection Control for the Asian Healthcare Work (2022)
• APSIC guidelines for the prevention of surgical site infections (2019)

Associazione Chirurghi Ospedalieri Italiani—Italian Surgical Association (ACOI)

• (PDF) ACOI Surgical Site Infections Management Academy (ACOISSIMA) Recommendations on the prevention of surgical site infections (2022)

Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH)

• CADTH Rapid Response Report: Summary with Critical Appraisal. Preoperative interventions for the prevention of surgical site infections: a review of guidelines (2020)

European Association of Urology (EAU)

• European Association of Urology Guidelines on Urological Infections: Summary of the 2024 Guidelines - ScienceDirect (2024)

Healthcare Infection Society (HIS) and the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID)

• Rituals and behaviours in the operating theatre - joint guidelines of the Healthcare Infection Society and the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseasess (2023)

Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI)

• How-to Guide: Prevent Surgical Site Infections (2012)

International Society For Infectious diseases (ISID)

• Guide to Infection Control in the Healthcare Setting: The Operating Room (2023)

Pacific Public Health Surveillance Network (PPHSN)

• Pacific Public Health Surveillance Network. Infection Prevention and Control Guidelines - 2021

US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Guideline for the Prevention of Surgical Site Infection (2017)

World Health Organization (WHO)

• Global guidelines for the prevention of surgical site infection (2018)
• Preventing surgical site infections: implementation approaches for evidence-based recommendations (2019)
• WHO Guidelines for Safe Surgery 2009 – Safe Surgery Saves Lives (2009)
• Surgical Site Infection

World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES)

• Intraoperative surgical site infection control and prevention: a position paper and future addendum to WSES intra-abdominal infections guidelines (2020)

Professional societies

American Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) / Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA)/ Association (AHA) / Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC) / The Joint Commission

• Strategies to prevent surgical site infections in acute-care hospitals: 2022 Update

EU/EEA Countries

Austria

• Hygienerichtlinien, MedUni Wien

Belgium

• Preventie van postoperatieve infecties in de operatieafdeling (2023)

Cyprus

• Πρόληψη Λοιμώξεων Ουροποιητικού Σχετιζόμενων με Ουροκαθετήρα (2024)

Czechia

• Doporučené postupy – Infekce v místě chirurgického výkonu – prevence a léčba (2018) 

Denmark

• Det præ-, per- og postoperative område (2020) 

France

• Recommandations - Gestion préopératoire du risque infectieux - Mise à jour de la conférence de consensus - SF2H - Octobre 2013
• Recommandations - Qualité de l’air au bloc opératoire et autres secteurs interventionnels - SF2H - Mai 2015
• Recommandations - La Société Française d’Anesthésie-Réanimation (SFAR)

Germany

• Robert Koch-Institut: Prävention postoperativer Wundinfektionen

Hungary

• Az országos tisztifőorvos módszertani levele a műtéti sebfertőzések megelőzésér (2019)

Iceland

• Handhreinsun fyrir skurðaðgerðir (2017)
• Sótthreinsun og dauðhreinsun á skurðstofum (2024)
• Tafla um sótthreinsun og dauðhreinsun áhalda (2017)
• Leiðbeiningar um loftræstingu á aðgerða- og skurðstofum (2017)
• Skurðstofustarfsemi - viðmið (2024)

Ireland

• Prevention of Surgical Site Infections. V1.0 11.12.2024 (Health Protection Surveillance Centre, 2024)
• Framework for HSE National Programme for Surgical Site Infection Surveillance - Pilot through the Irish Hip Fracture Database (IHFD) (2024)

Italy

• Bundle per la prevenzione delle infezioni del sito chirurgico (2024)
• Protocollo della sorveglianza nazionale delle infezioni del sito chirurgico (SNICh2) e indicatori di prevenzione negli ospedali (2022)

Latvia

• Antibiotiku rekomendācijas - Ķirurģiskas brūces infekciju risku mazināšanas pasākumi pacientiem pirms plānveida operācijām (2025)

Lithuania

• Operacinių žaizdų infekcijų prevencija (2022) - Higienos institutas
• Antimikrobinė profilaktika chirurgijoje (2024) - Higienos institutas

Netherlands

• Preventie van postoperatieve wondinfecties - Richtlijn - Richtlijnendatabase (2024)
• Luchtbehandeling in operatiekamers en behandelkamers - Richtlijn - Richtlijnendatabase (2022)

Norway

• Håndbok om forebygging av infeksjoner i operasjonsområdet - FHI

Poland

• Stosowanie antybiotyków w profilaktyce okołooperacyjnej (2011)

Portugal

• “Feixe de Intervenções” de Prevenção de Infeção de Local Cirúrgico - Portal das Normas Clínicass (2022)

Romania

• Ghiduri si protocoale – Institutul Național de Sănătate Publică

Slovenia

• Professional basis and guidelines for the control and prevention of healthcare-associated infections (2009)

Spain

• Seguridad del Paciente - Programa de seguridad en el bloque quirúrgico
• Prevenir la Infección del Lugar Quirúrgico (2018)

Sweden

• Postoperativa infektioner - Vårdhandboken (2025)
• Löf, Rekommendationer, Projekt ProtesRelaterade Infektioner ska stoppas (PRISS)

Countries outside the EU/EEA

Ukraine

• Порядок профілактики інфекційних хвороб, пов'язаних з наданням медичної допомоги в закладах охорони здоров'я, які надають медичну допомогу в стаціонарних умовах (2021)
• Парентеральна периопераційна антибіотикопрофілактика (2022) 

United Kingdom

• National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2020: Surgical site infections: prevention and treatment (2020)