The European Union Summary Report on Antimicrobial Resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2018/2019

In 2018–2019, data on antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria, submitted by 28 EU Member States (MSs), were jointly analysed by the EFSA and the ECDC. Resistance in zoonotic Salmonella and Campylobacter from humans, animals and food, as well as resistance in indicator Escherichia coli and meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from animals and food were addressed. ‘Microbiological’ resistance was assessed using epidemiological cut-off (ECOFF) values; for some countries, qualitative data on human isolates were interpreted in a way which corresponds closely to the ECOFF-defined ‘microbiological’ resistance.