Antimicrobial consumption in the EU/EEA (ESAC-Net) - Annual Epidemiological Report 2024

• For 2024, 28 countries (26 European Union (EU) Member States and two European Economic Area (EEA)countries – Iceland and Norway) reported data on antimicrobial consumption (AMC).
• AMC is expressed as the number of defined daily doses (DDD) per 1 000 inhabitants per day. TheAnatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification index of 2025 was used for the analysis of 2024 data.
• Results of the five-year linear trend analyses for the period 2020−2024 included in this report are affectedby the temporary reduction in AMC during the COVID-19 pandemic years of 2020 and 2021, especiallytotal consumption and community consumption of antibacterials for systemic use (ATC J01). For a longertime series, please refer to ECDC’s AMC dashboard available on the ECDC website.

Risk to the successful achievement of EU AMC targets in 2030

• In 2024, the EU population-weighted mean total consumption (community and hospital sectors combined)of antibacterials for systemic use (ATC group J01) was 20.3 DDD per 1 000 inhabitants per day (countryrange 9.8−29.9). This was 2% higher than in 2019 (baseline year), and 4.4 DDD per 1 000 inhabitants perday higher than the 2030 target of 15.9 DDD per 1 000 inhabitants per day.
• The EU population-weighted mean percentage of consumption of World Health Organization (WHO) AWaReAccess group antimicrobials was 60.3% in 2024 (country range 38.6%−80.9%). This was 1.0 percentagepoints lower than 2019 (baseline year) and 4.7 percentage points below the 2030 target of > 65%.