Phlebotomine sandfly maps
The phlebotomine maps are published regularly to provide the ECDC stakeholders, the scientific community and the general public with updated information on phlebotomine distribution at ‘regional’ administrative unit level (NUTS3 or equivalent and NUTS2 in Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, The Netherlands, England (UK), Scotland (UK) and Wales (UK)). Please note that the maps do not represent the official view or position of the countries.
Distribution maps of sandflies
The maps show the current distribution of phlebotomine sandfly species in Europe at ‘regional’ administrative unit level. The maps are based only on confirmed data (published and unpublished) provided and validated by experts.
Separate maps for the distribution of each of the following sandfly species are currently available: Phlebotomus alexandri, Phlebotomus ariasi, Phlebotomus mascitii, Phlebotomus neglectus, Phlebotomus papatasi, Phlebotomus perfiliewi, Phlebotomus perniciosus, Phlebotomus sergenti, Phlebotomus similis, and Phlebotomus tobbi.
For sandfly species, the possible distribution statuses are:
- Present: The species has been observed to be present in at least one municipality within the administrative unit.
- Introduced: The species has been introduced in the administrative unit without confirmed establishment.
- Observed Absent: Field surveys or studies on mosquitoes were conducted but the species has not been detected within the administrative unit.
- Anticipated Absent: These are administrative units where there are no data, and where the species is anticipated to be absent, based on a distance of at least 100 km from units with observations, and unsuitable climatic conditions.
- Unknown: Data from the administrative unit may be available but there are doubts about the identification and/or the status.
- No Data: No sampling has been performed and no data on the species are available within the administrative unit.
Vector distribution status changes in terms of spatial units since the previous update
In this update, the current known distribution of the ten priority sandfly species resulted in a total of 37 new administrative units with presence, and 13 with introductions. The most new information was in Algeria (16 new unit/species presences), Jordan (9) and Kosovo (nine new unit/species introductions).
Phlebotomus alexandri
The map shows the current known distribution of Phlebotomus alexandri in Europe at ‘regional’ administrative unit level, as of April 2026. Since the previous update (October 2023), there are three new administrative units, two of which in Algeria, where this species is currently known to be present.
Phlebotomus ariasi
The map shows the current known distribution of Phlebotomus ariasi in Europe at ‘regional’ administrative unit level, as of April 2026. Since the previous update (October 2023), there are two new administrative units in Algeria where this species is currently known to be present.
Phlebotomus mascittii
The map shows the current known distribution of Phlebotomus mascittii in Europe at ‘regional’ administrative unit level, as of April 2026. Since the previous update (October 2023), there are four new administrative units in four countries where this species is currently known to be present.
Phlebotomus neglectus
The map shows the current known distribution of Phlebotomus neglectus in Europe at ‘regional’ administrative unit level, as of April 2026. Since the previous update (October 2023), there are two new administrative units in two countries where this species is currently known to be present, and two units in two countries where the species was newly reported (marked as introduced).
Phlebotomus papatasi
The map shows the current known distribution of Phlebotomus papatasi in Europe at ‘regional’ administrative unit level, as of April 2026. Since the previous update (October 2023), there are six new administrative units where this species is currently known to be present, four of which in Algeria,and one unit in Kosovo where the species was newly reported (marked as introduced).
Phlebotomus perfiliewi
The map shows the current known distribution of Phlebotomus perfiliewi in Europe at ‘regional’ administrative unit level, as of April 2026. Since the previous update (October 2023), there are three new administrative units in three countries where this species is currently known to be present, and six units, five of which in Kosovo, where the species was newly reported (marked as introduced).
Phlebotomus perniciosus
The map shows the current known distribution of Phlebotomus perniciosus in Europe at ‘regional’ administrative unit level, as of April 2026. Since the previous update (October 2023), there are six new administrative units, four of which in Algeria, where this species is currently known to be present, and one unit in Albania where the species was newly reported (marked as introduced).
Phlebotomus sergenti
The map shows the current known distribution of Phlebotomus sergenti in Europe at ‘regional’ administrative unit level, as of August 2023. Since the previous update (October 2023), there are seven new administrative units where this species is currently known to be present in three countries, and one unit in Armenia where the species was newly reported (marked as introduced).
Phlebotomus similis
The map shows the current known distribution of Phlebotomus similis in Europe at ‘regional’ administrative unit level, as of April 2026. Since the previous update (October 2023), there are no new administrative units where this species is currently known to be present or introduced.
Phlebotomus tobbi
The map shows the current known distribution of Phlebotomus tobbi in Europe at ‘regional’ administrative unit level, as of April 2026. Since the previous update (October 2023), there are four new administrative units where this species is currently known to be present, two of which in Jordan, and two units in Kosovo where the species was newly reported (marked as introduced).
Surveillance for sandflies
The surveillance maps shows the regions where surveillance activities for sandflies were held in Europe and neighbouring regions.
The map 'Sandfly surveillance effort over 2015–2019' shows the surveillance effort per administrative area, by highest surveillance type.
The map 'Seasonal active surveillance for sandflies over 2017–2019' shows the number of different calendar months in which any active surveillance took place per administrative area.
