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This document offers a more detailed overview of the available scientific and epidemiological evidence and public health considerations in order to support decisions on the implementation of a second booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine.

Leaflet on vaccination for Ukrainian refugees.

This report provides an updated overview of the progress of national COVID-19 vaccination strategies in EU/EEA countries, including updates on: vaccine uptake overall and by target group; vaccination strategies and policies in place; and vaccine acceptance and hesitancy.

This second update contains vaccine effectiveness results among individuals aged 30 years and older, for the pre-Delta and the Delta-dominant periods (3 January–31 May 2021 and 1 July–15 December 2021, respectively).

This report is the first update of a brief technical note that was developed at the request of the European Commission to inform the discussion on Digital Green Certificates to facilitate the safe and free movement of citizens within the EU during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The purpose of this document is to review the evidence of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness and duration of immunity following vaccination in adolescents aged 12-17 years, and to outline interim public health considerations for the potential use of a booster dose in this group.

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant of concern (VOC) is rapidly replacing SARS-CoV-2 Delta in most European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) countries, and is broadly following a west-to-east progression.

The risk to public health posed by the spread of the Omicron VOC in the context of ongoing Delta VOC transmission in the EU/EEA is assessed in this update.

ECDC encourages the use of this protocol as a basis for studies aiming at assessing vaccine effectiveness in semi-closed settings following the identification of a COVID-19 outbreak, as its use in the EU/EEA can facilitate results comparability from different outbreak investigations.

The number of countries reporting SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant of concern (VOC) cases continues to increase globally, with a total of 352 confirmed cases reported by 27 countries as of 16.00 on 1 December 2021, including 70 confirmed cases reported by 13 European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA) countries.