An agency of the European Union
Frequent searches:
Nine countries reported sporadic human infections with avian influenza virus subtypes A(H5N1), A(H5N2), A(H5N6), A(H5Nx), A(H9N2), A(H10N3) for 2024.
Zoonotic influenza - Annual Epidemiological Report 2024
English (297.84 KB - PDF)
ECDC conducted a technical visit to Türkiye in April 2025 to obtain a comprehensive overview of the country’s national surveillance system, including its operation and governance, its needs, vulnerabilities and strengths.
ECDC country visit to Türkiye to discuss surveillance of communicable diseases
English (330.21 KB - PDF)
In 2022, the notification rate of Legionnaires’ disease steadily increased to 2.6 per 100 000 population from the two previous years (2.4 in 2021 and 1.9 in 2020).
Legionnaires' disease - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2022
English (1.12 MB - PDF)
For more than a decade, bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have been increasing across the EU/EEA. Men who have sex with men, particularly those living with HIV or using HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis, are overrepresented in case notifications for bacterial STIs such as gonorrhoea, syphilis, lymphogranuloma venereum, and, more recently, chlamydia.
Public health considerations on the use of doxycycline for post-exposure prophylaxis for bacterial sexually transmitted infections in the EU/EEA
English (1.82 MB - PDF)
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 10-16 January 2026 and includes updates on respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA, measles, mpox, and Marburg virus disease.
Communicable disease threats report, 10-16 January 2026, week 3
English (1.66 MB - PDF)
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 3-9 January 2026 and includes updates on respiratory virus epidemiology, cholera, Marburg virus, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), avian influenza, and swine influenza.
Communicable disease threats report, 5-9 January 2026, week 2
English (5.88 MB - PDF)
Update providing weekly overview of the countries and areas where chikungunya virus disease cases have been reported.
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 13-19 December 2025 and includes updates on respiratory virus epidemiology, SARS-CoV-2 variants, mpox, leprosy, Marburg virus disease, dengue, and chikungunya.
Communicable disease threats report, 13-19 December 2025, week 51
English (3.52 MB - PDF)
The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) has developed a system to support countries in the European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA) in monitoring responses to their sexually-transmitted infection (STI) epidemics.
Monitoring of the responses to sexually-transmitted infection epidemics in EU/EEA countries, 2024
English (1.87 MB - PDF)
The purpose of this study was to provide evidence on how to help public health laboratories be better prepared and more resilient to future public health challenges related to respiratory infectious diseases.
Preparedness of public health laboratories for respiratory infectious diseases – EU/EEA country perspectives on lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic
English (1.36 MB - PDF)
Influenza vaccine coverage remains below the WHO-recommended threshold for risk groups in most EU/EEA countries, while COVID-19 vaccine coverage is declining across most countries.
Multi-model analysis to quantify the impact of vaccination on COVID-19 and influenza hospitalisation burden among older adults in the EU/EEA, 2024/25
English (879.12 KB - PDF)
In 2023, 1 895 confirmed cases of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD), including 200 deaths, were reported in 30 European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) countries.
Invasive meningococcal disease - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2023
English (1.35 MB - PDF)
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 6-12 December 2025 and includes updates on respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA, measles, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV), West Nile virus, and Marburg virus disease (MVD).
Communicable disease threats report, 6-12 December 2025, week 50
English (3.8 MB - PDF)
Between 6 September and 28 November 2025, 2,896 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5) virus detections were reported in domestic (442) and wild (2,454) birds in 29 countries in Europe.
Avian influenza overview September–November 2025
English (2 MB - PDF)
SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses are significant public health threats with varying impacts on global health. SARS-CoV-2, the virus behind the COVID-19 pandemic, exhibits high transmissibility and recurrent waves driven by new variants.
External quality assessment of European SARS-CoV-2 and zoonotic influenza Bioinformatics (ESIB-EQA), 2024
English (3.09 MB - PDF)
This protocol describes the methods to estimate the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) XBB.1.5. monovalent-adapted VE in immunocompromised persons (ICP), against COVID-19 hospitalisations and deaths.
Protocol to measure COVID-19 XBB.1.5 vaccine effectiveness in the immunocompromised population during the 2023 autumn vaccination campaign
English (1.66 MB - PDF)
This report by EFSA and the ECDC presents the results of zoonoses monitoring and surveillance activities carried out in 2024 in 27 Member States (MSs), the United Kingdom (Northern Ireland) and eight non- MSs, according to the Zoonoses Directive 2003/99/EC.
The European Union One Health 2024 Zoonoses report
English (23.68 MB - PDF)
This report presents the findings and recommendations of the second assessment in the three-year programme, conducted in Finland.
ECDC Public Health Emergency Preparedness Assessment for Finland, 2024
English (2.08 MB - PDF)
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 29 November - 5 December 2025 and includes updates on respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA, chikungunya, West Nile virus, Marburg virus disease, Influenza A(H5N2), HIV/AIDS surveillance, Ebola, Middle East Respiratory virus (MERS), shigellosis Cabo Verde.
Communicable disease threats report, 29 November - 5 December 2025, week 49
English (614.64 KB - PDF)
Weekly updates with the latest reports on West Nile virus cases in Europe updated every Friday, during the transmission season.
The aim of this framework is to guide a scalable public health response to influenza of zoonotic origin in EU/EEA countries and provide options for preparing and responding to different possible pre-pandemic scenarios.
Scenarios for pre-pandemic zoonotic influenza preparedness and response
English (3.16 MB - PDF)
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 22 - 28 November 2025 and includes updates on respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA, chikungunya, West Nile virus, Marburg virus disease, influenza A, cholera, swine influenza, hepatitis A, and Ebola.
Communicable disease threats report, 22 - 28 November 2025, week 48
English (2.75 MB - PDF)
This evidence brief summarises the progress towards UN Sustainable Development Goal 3.3 to ‘end the epidemic of AIDS’ in the EU/EEA. It is largely based on data collected by ECDC through an online reporting tool disseminated to the 30 EU/EEA countries between February and April 2025, followed by data validation during April−June, to monitor implementation of the 2004 Dublin Declaration.
Evidence Brief: Progress towards reaching the Sustainable Development Goals related to HIV in the European Union and European Economic Area - Monitoring implementation of the Dublin Declaration on partnership to fight HIV/AIDS in Europe and Central Asia
English (1.54 MB - PDF)
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with antiretroviral medications is a highly effective tool in preventing new HIV infections when taken as prescribed. It is an important element of the ‘combination prevention’ necessary to reach the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goal to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention in Europe and Central Asia: Monitoring the implementation of the Dublin Declaration on partnership to fight HIV/AIDS in Europe and Central Asia: 2025 progress report (2024 data)
English (1.97 MB - PDF)
People living with HIV who achieve and maintain viral suppression can lead long, healthy lives and cannot transmit the virus to others. This crucial outcome is contingent upon timely diagnosis, access to treatment, and consistent support.
Monitoring implementation of the Dublin Declaration on partnership to fight HIV-AIDS in Europe and Central Asia_2025 progress report
English (2.71 MB - PDF)