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The 2020–2021 avian influenza epidemic with a total of 3,777 reported highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) detections and approximately 22,900,000 affected poultry birds in 31 European Countries appears to be one of the largest HPAI epidemics that has ever occurred in Europe.

This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 12-18 September 2021 and includes updates on the ECDC podcast, COVID-19, swine influenza, Nipah virus, meningitis, pneumonic plague, influenza, West Nile virus, avian influenza.

No human cases of avian influenza were reported in the EU/EEA for 2020. Sporadic human cases of avian influenza A(H5N1), A(H5N6, A(H5N8) and A(H9N2) infection were reported.

This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 4-10 July 2021 and includes updates on the Olympic games of Tokyo 2020, COVID-19, West Nile virus, measles, dengue, the UEFA European Football Championship 2020, and swine influenza.

The ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) is a weekly bulletin for epidemiologists and health professionals on active public health threats. This issue covers the period 6 - 12 June 2021 and includes updates on the UEFA European Football Championship 2020, COVID-19, West Nile virus, Dengue, Ebola virus disease, measles, swine influenza and avian influenza.

The ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) is a weekly bulletin for epidemiologists and health professionals on active public health threats. This issue covers the period 28 March-3 April 2021 and includes updates on COVID-19, Influenza A(H1N1) variant and Ebola virus disease.

No human cases of avian influenza were reported in the EU/EEA. One human A(H5N1) and another A(H7N9) infection were reported from mainland China. Sporadic human cases of avian influenza A(H5N6) and A(H9N2) were reported.

A recently published study conducted between 2011 and 2018 in China, and based on surveillance data in pigs, identified an emerging genotype 4 (G4) reassortant Eurasian avian-like (EA) A(H1N1) swine influenza virus that contains internal genes from the human A(H1N1)pdm09 and North American triple-reassortant (TR) lineage-derived internal genes.

No human cases of avian influenza were reported in the EU/EEA. Only two human A(H7N9) infections were reported from China, a significant decrease compared with 2017. Sporadic human cases of avian influenza A(H5N6) and A(H9N2) were reported from China. In 2018, outbreaks and detections of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses such as A(H5N1), A(H5N2), AH(H5N5), A(H5N6) or A(H5N8) continued to affect poultry and wild and captured birds worldwide, but on a lower scale than in 2017. Influenza viruses A(H1N2)v and A(H3N2)v of swine origin caused human cases in Australia and the United States.