ECDC, after conducting rapid risk assessments, has concluded that the risk of importation of infectious diseases from North Africa to the EU is  considered to be low. From a public health perspective, the most urgent concern is related to the poor living conditions of the migrants, such as overcrowding and poor sanitation.

The risk of Foot and Mouth disease being transmitted to humans visiting affected areas is extremely low, if consumption of pasteurised milk, dairy products or unprocessed meat from infected animals and direct contact with such animals is avoided.

A rapid risk assement on the risk of measles for visitors to Ukraine, particularly during the UEFA European Football Championship, EURO 2012, and the potential spread of infection within the EU.

New and noteworthy in this update: the retrospective identification of novel coronavirus in biological samples from two fatal cases in Jordan (April 2012) and the results of a joint ECDC/WHO survey which confirms that EU/EEA Member States have an adequate capacity to detect novel coronavirus through their network of national reference laboratories: 18 of 30 in EU/EEA countries are capable of confirming positive screened samples by either ORF1b RT-PCR or other target RT-PCR assays with sequence analysis or whole-genome sequence analysis.

Between 1 November 2012 and 30 April 2013, 15 confirmed cases of hepatitis A virus infections with subgenotype IB and identical RNA sequence, and 89 probable cases, have been reported in 14 EU/EFTA countries. All cases have a travel history to Egypt.

​The EU/EEA countries and the rest of the WHO European Region, have been officially polio-free since 2002. However, wild-type polio virus 1 (WPV1) has been isolated in sewage and in the faeces of asymptomatic carriers in Israel since February 2013. In this risk assessment ECDC looks at the potential impact of this public health event on the risk of poliovirus being imported and re-established into circulation in EU/EEA.

Following the announcement by WHO of a cluster of cases of acute flaccid paralysis in Syria, ECDC conducted a risk assessment and concludes that this does pose a risk that polio might be imported to the EU. The Risk Assessment includes number of recommendations for EU Member States.

​The confirmed circulation of wild-type poliovirus (WPV) in Israel and the outbreak of poliomyelitis in Syria mean that there is a high risk the disease will be reintroduced into the EU/EEA.

This eleventh updated rapid risk assessment on MERS-CoV shows that the number of cases has been steadily declining in the last few months.

This risk assessment was triggered by two cases of paralytic poliomyelitis in children, caused by circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 1 (cVDPV1) in Ukraine during June and July 2015.