LGV is a systemic STI caused by a specific type of Chlamydia trachomatis ( serovars L1 , L2, and L3 ). LGV rarely occurs in the Western world and cases are likely imported from Africa, South-East Asia and the Carribean region. The classical picture of LGV involves genital ulceration, adenopathy and is characterized by buboes.

Since 2003 a series of outbreaks have been reported in large European cities among men who have sex with men. Most cases presented with severe proctitis which is associated with unprotected anal intercourse. Genotyping is needed to confirm infection with serovars L1-L3. Sexual partners should be evaluated to prevent further spread of disease. LGV can be cured with antibiotic treatment for 3 weeks followed by test of cure.