Buonomano R, Brinkmann F, Leupin N, Boscacci R, Zimmermann A, Muller N, Fux CA
Scand J Infect Dis. 2009 Jul 10:1-6.

Description
The authors report 3 Swiss cases of visceral leishmaniasis presenting with fever of unknown origin and pancytopenia and review current diagnostic and therapeutic concepts.

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ECDC comment: 2009-07-15
With expanding travel activities, visceral leishmaniasis increasingly occurs in non-endemic areas and may affect immunocompetent individuals with no other risk factor than holidays at the Mediterranean coast. Patients with fever of unknown origin living or after a trip in Southern Europe should be tested for leishmaniasis, particularly during the Spring and Summer when sandfly vectors are active.