Vorsters A, Micalessi I, Bilcke J, Ieven M, Bogers J, Van Damme P. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2012 May;31(5):627-40. Epub 2011 Aug 5.

HPV DNA detection in urine is a feasible practice and a useful tool in future research; however, the available studies dealing on the topic appear too diverse in their setup and applied methodology to draw conclusive statements. The standards used for HPV DNA detection in cervical smears may not lead to satisfactory results when applied to urine, and there is need to improve and standardise urine sampling methods, storage conditions, sample preparation, DNA extraction, and DNA amplification.